Internetworking.cisco

OSPF Virtual Links and Area Summarization

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLtvQOIfnr14Y-DBCTYaHPj3GKEqaMZ7kEW82qcescAq85FEDp_njflZHAthuUlTx5HPzmBxFbpYSYryLc3ooEDSy5Ki2EA6fssWjcFTiXiqg-lFOIVFRfv_V1XIK_twr9Nx4v8CShkVI/s1600/ospf+virtual+links.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLtvQOIfnr14Y-DBCTYaHPj3GKEqaMZ7kEW82qcescAq85FEDp_njflZHAthuUlTx5HPzmBxFbpYSYryLc3ooEDSy5Ki2EA6fssWjcFTiXiqg-lFOIVFRfv_V1XIK_twr9Nx4v8CShkVI/s1600/ospf+virtual+links.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />

<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#sho ip int bri</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Interface<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                 
</span>IP-Address<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>OK? Method
Status<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                </span>Protocol</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Serial0/0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                 
</span>10.1.12.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>YES manual up<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                    </span>down<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Loopback1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                 
</span>10.1.1.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>YES manual up<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                    </span>up<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Loopback30<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                
</span>172.30.30.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>YES manual up<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                    </span>up<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config)#int lo2</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-if)#ip add 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config)#int s0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-if)#ip add 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-if)#no shut</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config)#int s0/1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-if)#ip add 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-if)#no shut</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int s0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip add 10.1.23.3 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#no shut</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int lo3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip add 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int lo100</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#int lo101</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.101.1 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int lo102</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.102.1 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int lo103</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.103.1 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#end</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Step 2 Add interface into OSPF</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config)#router ospf 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-router)#net 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 a 0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-router)#net 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 a 0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-router)#exit<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config)#int loopback 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config)#router ospf 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-router)#net 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 a 0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-router)#net 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 a 23</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-router)#net 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 a 0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-router)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config)#int lo2</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#router ospf 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-router)#net 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 a 23</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-router)#net 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 a 23</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-router)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int lo3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Step 3. Create a virtual link</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config)#router ospf 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2(config-router)#area 23 virtual-link 192.168.103.1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#router ospf 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-router)#net 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 a 100</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-router)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int loopback 100</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int lo101</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#exi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int lo102</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#exi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#int lo103</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#router ospf 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-router)#area 23 virtual-link 10.1.2.1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Step4.summarize an area</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#router ospf 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-router)#area 100 range 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Step5.Generate a default route into OSPF.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config)#router ospf 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3(config-router)#default-information originate always</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
To Verify</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Show ip ospf database</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Show ip route</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Show ip ospf interface</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Show ip ospf neibour</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Show ip ospf</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#sho ip ospf database </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">            </span>OSPF
Router with ID (172.30.30.1) (Process ID 1)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Router
Link States (Area 0)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum Link count</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>577<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000005 0x0024DF 4</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
172.30.30.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    
</span>172.30.30.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>1229<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000004 0x000A69 3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000003 0x00A96C 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
Net Link States (Area 0)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.3.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1086<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x00EFEF</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.3.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>7<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000001 0x00FD5E</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.23.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1237<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x0009C3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.23.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>7<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000001 0x00996F</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.100.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>7<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000001 0x00ABF0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
ASB Link States (Area 0)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>468<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x005AC1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Type-5
AS External Link States</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum Tag</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
0.0.0.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>475<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00558B 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#sho ip route</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Gateway of last resort is 10.1.12.2 to network 0.0.0.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>172.30.0.0/30 is
subnetted, 1 subnets</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>172.30.30.0 is
directly connected, Loopback30</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>10.0.0.0/24 is
subnetted, 5 subnets</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.12.0 is
directly connected, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O IA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>10.1.3.0
[110/129] via 10.1.12.2, 00:08:34, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>10.1.2.0 [110/65] via 10.1.12.2, 00:08:34,
Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.1.0 is
directly connected, Loopback1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O IA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>10.1.23.0
[110/128] via 10.1.12.2, 00:08:34, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O IA 192.168.100.0/24 [110/129] via 10.1.12.2, 00:08:34,
Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 10.1.12.2, 00:08:26, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#sho ip ospf neighbor </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Neighbor ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    
</span>Pri<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>State<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">           </span>Dead Time<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>Address<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Interface</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         
</span>0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>FULL/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>00:00:30<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>10.1.12.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2#sho ip ospf database </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">            </span>OSPF
Router with ID (10.1.2.1) (Process ID 1)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Router
Link States (Area 0)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum Link count</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>736<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000005 0x0024DF 4</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
172.30.30.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    
</span>172.30.30.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>1390 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>0x80000004 0x000A69 3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000003 0x00A96C 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
Net Link States (Area 0)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.3.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1245<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x00EFEF</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.3.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>6<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000001 0x00FD5E</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.23.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1396<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x0009C3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.23.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>6<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000001 0x00996F</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.100.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>6<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000001 0x00ABF0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
ASB Link States (Area 0)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>627<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x005AC1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">          </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Router
Link States (Area 23)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>Checksum Link count</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>736<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000003 0x00DD8B 2</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>635<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000006 0x002E52 3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
Net Link States (Area 23)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.1.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1388<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x0006DB</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1365<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x0078A8</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.12.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1388<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x008255</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.100.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>746<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00ABF0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
ASB Link States (Area 23)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>629<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x005AC1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Type-5
AS External Link States</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum Tag</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
0.0.0.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>636<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00558B 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2#sho ip route</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Gateway of last resort is 10.1.23.3 to network 0.0.0.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>10.0.0.0/24 is
subnetted, 5 subnets</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>10.1.12.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.3.0
[110/65] via 10.1.23.3, 00:11:04, Serial0/1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.2.0 is
directly connected, Loopback2</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.1.0
[110/65] via 10.1.12.1, 00:11:04, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.23.0 is
directly connected, Serial0/1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O IA 192.168.100.0/24 [110/65] via 10.1.23.3, 00:11:04,
Serial0/1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 10.1.23.3, 00:11:04, Serial0/1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R2#sho ip ospf neighbor </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Neighbor ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    
</span>Pri<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>State<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">           </span>Dead Time<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>Address<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Interface</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    
</span>0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>FULL/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">          
</span>-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>10.1.23.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>OSPF_VL0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
172.30.30.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>FULL/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>00:00:39<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>10.1.12.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    
</span>0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>FULL/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>00:00:37<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>10.1.23.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Serial0/1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3#sho ip ospf database </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">          </span>OSPF Router with ID (192.168.103.1)
(Process ID 1)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Router
Link States (Area 0)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum Link count</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000005 0x0024DF 4</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
172.30.30.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>172.30.30.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>653<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>(DNA) 0x80000004 0x000A69 3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>757<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000003 0x00A96C 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
Net Link States (Area 0)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.3.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>509<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>(DNA) 0x80000001 0x00EFEF</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.3.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>868<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00FD5E</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.23.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>660<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>(DNA) 0x80000001 0x0009C3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.23.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>868<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00996F</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.100.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>868<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00ABF0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
ASB Link States (Area 0)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>(DNA) 0x80000001 0x005AC1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">          </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Router
Link States (Area 23)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum Link count</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>863<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000003 0x00DD8B 2</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>760<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000006 0x002E52 3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
Net Link States (Area 23)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>ADV Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.1.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1514<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x0006DB</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1491<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x0078A8</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.12.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>1514<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>0x80000001 0x008255</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.100.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>870<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00ABF0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
ASB Link States (Area 23)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>756<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x005AC1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Router
Link States (Area 100)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum Link count</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>760<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000004 0x00FCBD 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Summary
Net Link States (Area 100)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.1.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>857<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x0019C4</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>857<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x008B91</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.3.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>872<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00FD5E</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.12.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>857<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00953E</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.23.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
</span>872<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00996F</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                        </span>Type-5
AS External Link States</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Link ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>ADV
Router<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Seq#<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Checksum Tag</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
0.0.0.0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        
</span>192.168.103.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>762<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>0x80000001 0x00558B 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3# sho ip route</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Gateway of last resort is not set</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     </span>10.0.0.0/24 is
subnetted, 5 subnets</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.12.0
[110/128] via 10.1.23.2, 00:13:38, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.3.0 is
directly connected, Loopback3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.2.0
[110/65] via 10.1.23.2, 00:13:38, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
O<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.1.0
[110/129] via 10.1.23.2, 00:13:38, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>10.1.23.0 is
directly connected, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>192.168.102.0/24
is directly connected, Loopback102</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>192.168.103.0/24
is directly connected, Loopback103</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>192.168.100.0/24
is directly connected, Loopback100</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>192.168.101.0/24
is directly connected, Loopback101</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R3#sho ip ospf neighbor </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Neighbor ID<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    
</span>Pri<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>State<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">           </span>Dead Time<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>Address<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         </span>Interface</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         
</span>0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>FULL/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">          
</span>-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>10.1.23.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>OSPF_VL0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
10.1.2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">          </span>0<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>FULL/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 
</span>-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">        </span>00:00:32<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>10.1.23.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>Serial0/0</div>

OSPF Virtual Links and Area Summarization

R1#sho ip int bri Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol Serial0/0 ...

EIGRP Matric Calculation

<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#sh int lo0 | inc BW</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>MTU 1514 bytes, BW
8000000 Kbit, DLY 5000 usec, </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#sho int fa1/0 | inc BW</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>MTU 1500 bytes, BW
100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#sho int s0/0 | inc BW</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>MTU 1500 bytes, BW
1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#sho ip route eigrp </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>4.0.0.0/8 <span style="color: green;">[90/<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2302976</b>] via
192.168.13.3, 00:00:06, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">FastEthernet1/0</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">               </span>[90/<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2809856</b>] via 192.168.12.2, 00:00:06, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Serial0/0</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>192.168.24.0/24
[90/2174976] via 192.168.13.3, 00:00:06, FastEthernet1/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                    
</span>[90/2681856] via 192.168.12.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>5.0.0.0/8
[90/2300416] via 192.168.13.3, 00:00:06, FastEthernet1/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>192.168.23.0/24
[90/30720] via 192.168.13.3, 00:00:06, FastEthernet1/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>192.168.35.0/24
[90/2172416] via 192.168.13.3, 00:00:06, FastEthernet1/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Metric Calculation</span></b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step1
- 10,000,000 / slowest BW = X</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step
2 - sum of Delay / 10 =Y</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step3
- ( x+ y ) * 256 = Metric</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step1
– 10,000,000 / 1544 = 6476</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step2
– 45000 /10 = 4500</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step3
– ( 6476 + 4500 ) * 256 = <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;">2809856</span></b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step
1 – 10,000,000 / 1544 = 6476</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step
2 – 25200 / 10 = 2520</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">R3#sho ip route eigrp </span><br />

<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   
</span>192.168.12.0/24 [90/2172416] via 192.168.23.2, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/0</span><br />

<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                     </span>[90/2172416] via
192.168.13.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet2/0</span><br />

<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   
</span>1.0.0.0/8 [90/156160] via 192.168.13.1, 00:00:08, FastEthernet2/0</span><br />

<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   
</span>4.0.0.0/8 <span style="color: #3366ff;">[90/<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2300416</b>] via 192.168.23.2, 00:00:08, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">FastEthernet1/0</b></span></span><br />

<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   
</span>192.168.24.0/24 [90/2172416] via 192.168.23.2, 00:00:08, FastEthernet1/0</span><br />

<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">D<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">    </span>5.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 192.168.35.5,
00:00:08, Serial0/0</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step
1 – 10,000,000 / 1544 = 6476</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step
2 – 25100 / 10 = 2510</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Step
3 – ( 6476 + 2510 ) * 256 = <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #3366ff;">2300416</span><span style="color: green;"></span></b></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 50%;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />

EIGRP Matric Calculation

R1#sh int lo0 | inc BW MTU 1514 bytes, BW 8000000 Kbit, DLY 5000 usec, R1#sho int fa1/0 | inc BW MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kb...

Network Address Translation (NAT)

<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config)#int lo0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-if)#ip add 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-if)#no shut</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-if)#ip nat inside</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-if)#exit</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config)#int fa0/0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-if)#ip add 200.0.0.1 255.255.255.0</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-if)#ip nat outside</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config-if)#no shut</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config)#ip nat inside source static 10.0.0.1 200.0.0.2</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#sh ip nat translations </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Pro Inside global<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">     
</span>Inside local<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Outside local<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>Outside global</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
--- 200.0.0.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">         
</span>10.0.0.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">           </span>---<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                </span>---</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#ping </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Protocol [ip]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Target IP address: 200.0.0.10</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Repeat count [5]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Datagram size [100]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Timeout in seconds [2]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Extended commands [n]: y</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Source address or interface: 10.0.0.1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Type of service [0]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Set DF bit in IP header? [no]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Validate reply data? [no]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Data pattern [0xABCD]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sweep range of sizes [n]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Type escape sequence to abort.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 200.0.0.10, timeout is 2
seconds:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Packet sent with a source address of 10.0.0.1 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
..!!!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1(config)#no ip nat inside source static 10.0.0.1 200.0.0.2</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
R1#ping</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Protocol [ip]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Target IP address: 200.0.0.10</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Repeat count [5]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Datagram size [100]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Timeout in seconds [2]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Extended commands [n]: y</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Source address or interface: 10.0.0.1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Type of service [0]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Set DF bit in IP header? [no]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Validate reply data? [no]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Data pattern [0xABCD]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sweep range of sizes [n]: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Type escape sequence to abort.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 200.0.0.10, timeout is 2
seconds:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Packet sent with a source address of 10.0.0.1 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
.....</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />

Network Address Translation (NAT)

R1(config)#int lo0 R1(config-if)#ip add 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#ip nat inside R1(config-if)#exit...